Idha tathāgato loke uppanno
One who knows things as they are has come into this world;
Arahaṃ sammāsambuddho
And he is an Arahant, a perfectly awakened being.
Dhammo ca desito niyyāniko
Purifying the way leading out of delusion,
Upasamiko parinibbāniko
Calming and directing to perfect peace,
Sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito
And leading to enlightenment—this Way he has made known.
Mayan-taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā evaṃ jānāma
Having heard the Teaching, we know this:
Jātipi dukkhā
Birth is dukkha,
Jarāpi dukkhā
Ageing is dukkha,
Maraṇampi dukkhaṃ
And death is dukkha;
Soka-parideva-dukkha-domanass’upāyāsapi dukkhā
Sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and despair are dukkha;
Appiyehi sampayogo dukkho
Association with the disliked is dukkha;
Piyehi vippayogo dukkho
Separation from the liked is dukkha;
Yamp’icchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ
Not attaining one’s wishes is dukkha.
Saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā
In brief, the five focuses of the grasping mind are dukkha.
Seyyathīdaṃ
These are as follows:
Rūpūpādānakkhandho
Identification with the body,
Vedanūpādānakkhandho
Identification with feeling,
Saññūpādānakkhandho
Identification with perception,
Saṅkharūpādānakkhandho
Identification with mental formations,
Viññaṇūpādānakkhandho
Identification with consciousness.
Yesaṃ pariññāya
For the complete understanding of this,
Dharamāno so bhagavā
The Blessed One in his lifetime
Evaṃ bahulaṃ sāvake vineti
Frequently instructed his disciples in just this way.
Evaṃ bhāgā ca panassa bhagavato sāvakesu anusāsanī bahulā pavattati
In addition, he further instructed:
Rūpaṃ aniccaṃ
The body is impermanent,
Vedanā aniccā
Feeling is impermanent,
Saññā aniccā
Perception is impermanent,
Saṅkhārā aniccā
Mental formations are impermanent,
Viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ
Consciousness is impermanent;
Rūpaṃ anattā
The body is not-self,
Vedanā anattā
Feeling is not-self,
Saññā anattā
Perception is not-self,
Saṅkhārā anattā
Mental formations are not-self,
Viññāṇaṃ anattā
Consciousness is not-self;
Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā
All conditions are impermanent,
Sabbe dhammā anattā’ti
There is no self in the created or the uncreated.
Te (Ta) mayaṃ otiṇṇāmha
All of us are bound
Jātiyā
By birth,
Jarāmaraṇena
Ageing, and death,
Sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi
By sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and despair,
Dukkhotiṇṇā
Bound by dukkha
Dukkhaparetā
And obstructed by dukkha.
Appeva nāmimassa kevalassa dukkha-kkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti
Let us all aspire to complete freedom from suffering.